Git mergetool

Wow, just rebased qemu local repo, ran into a lot of conflicts, could not make head or tail of the merge stats till help came along and pointed me to

git mergetool

This launches a external diff tool to ease the pain of merging code.

Posted from WordPress for Windows Phone

Posted from WordPress for Windows Phone

Posted from WordPress for Windows Phone

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Git mergetool

Wow, just rebased qemu local repo, ran into a lot of conflicts, could not make head or tail of the merge stats till help came along and pointed me to

git mergetool

This launches a external diff tool to ease the pain of merging code.

Posted from WordPress for Windows Phone

Posted from WordPress for Windows Phone

QEMU for Exynos4210

Introduction

I have been playing around with Qemu and was looking to emulate the Exynos4210 SoC from Samsung when I first looked into the Qemu-Linaro toolchain. The guys at Linaro have done a terrific job in keeping with the times and helping the developer community in general. The following steps document the use of Qemu to emulate Samsung’s reference boards for Exynos4210 viz., SMDKC210 and NURI.

I have chosen to emulate NURI, before we begin here is my list of sources
that I have used.

  1. QEMU – qemu-linaro-1.1.50-2012.08 toolchain
  2. Linux kernel- linux 3.5
  3. root filesystem was developed using busybox-1.12.1
  4. Toolchain suite – arm-linux-gnueabi- gcc version 4.6.1

The Installation procedure is fairly simple, assuming all the parts are in place run the following command

qemu-system-arm -M ?

This should bring up all the machines supported by Qemu, the Nuri and SMDKC210  boards are emulated in qemu-linaro-1.1.50-2012.08.

The Linux Kernel

The kernel compilation is straightforward. The config file exynos4_defconfig compiles for Nuri and SMDKC210 boards, it is a minimal configuration useful for a test scenario like mine. Be sure to use the appropriate toolchain for compilation and the final image to be used is the zImage found at arch/arn/boot folder of the kernel source code.

The Root File-system

the root file system is a rather tricky compilation as the configuration varies based on the final file system being designed.

first, configure busybox to produce a static binary.
next, make busybox and install.
the installed file would by default be in _install folder at the top of the busybox source, cd into it and run the following command.

find . | cpio -o –format=newc > rootfs

The above command will produce a read-only file system. rootfs is now ready to be used in qemu.

The Real Action

Now that we have all our required Images, run the following command to startup the Nuri board emulation.

“./qemu-system-arm -kernel <path/to/your/kernel> -initrd <path/to/Root/Filesystem> -append “console=ttySAC0,115200n8 root=/dev/ram rw rdinit=<init function>” -serial stdio -M <intended_machine> -smp <number of processors if applicable> -m <RAM_size>”

This should start-up the kernel and launch the init program specified in the command line appended to the kernel using the -append flag.

 

Math ∩ Programming

So here we are. We have finally made it to a place where we can transition with confidence from the classical continuous Fourier transform to the discrete version, which is the foundation for applications of Fourier analysis to programming. Indeed, we are quite close to unfurling the might of the Fast Fourier Transform algorithm, which efficiently computes the discrete Fourier transform. But because of its focus on algorithmic techniques, we will save it for a main content post and instead focus here on the intuitive connections between the discrete and continuous realms.

The goal has roughly three parts:

  1. Find a reasonable discrete approximation to a continuous function.
  2. Find a reasonable discrete approximation to the Fourier transform of a continuous function.
  3. Find a way to transition between the two discrete representations.

We should also note that there will be some notational clashes in the sequel. Rigorously, item 3 will result in…

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Introduction

I have been taking a lot from the internet, I guess it’s now time to give back.

Its world music day!! Fête de la Musique is celebrated on June 21 as a day to celebrate all form’s of music.Art in itself is a celebration to the artist, so I guess its time to wake the musician in you, grab an instrument and play along because we’ve only just begun!!